Victor Hugo (1802-1885): The artist, one of the most famous writers of French literature, gained his literary fame with his poems and plays. He was among the most well-known names of the romantic movement. He was closely interested in social problems and politics - he joined the Constituent Assembly after the 1848 uprisings - later became a member of parliament - and published a newspaper called l'Evénement. He was exiled in 1852 for opposing the coup d'état in which Louis Bonaparte declared his empire. His sentence ended in 1859 - but he remained in voluntary exile until the empire collapsed - returning to France in 1870. Although he did not support the Paris Commune in 1871, he defended the communards. Victor Hugo uncompromisingly opposed the death penalty with his novel The Last Day of a Condemned Man, published in 1829. He entered the history of world literature with his novels The Hunchback of Notre-Dame and Les Misérables, which are among the masterpieces of classical literature.
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